Three Sociological Perspectives :: Sociology Functionalist Conflict Interactionist

Three Sociological Perspectives This paper discusses three approaches that can be taken when studying Sociology. There are many subjects to be studied and discussed in the field of Sociology, and the approach chosen to study a particular subject is called a perspective. There are three different perspectives, and they are functionalist, conflict, and interactionist perspectives. This paper compares and contrasts these different perspectives with one another. When studying in the field of Sociology everyone is going to approach topics in a different manner. No two people are going to have the exact same view on a particular subject. There are however, three major categories in which people might choose to approach topics. The approaches are know as sociological perspectives and are the functionalist, conflict, and interactionist perspectives. These perspectives name different ways in which different people choose to analyze a subject, and how they look at a society as a whole. The following paragraphs compare and contrast the three, and identify major characteristics of each. Functionalist Perspective Definition "The functionalist perspective is a sociological approach which emphasizes the way that parts of a society are structure to maintain its stability,"(Schaefer & Lamm, 1998). This perspective looks at a society in a positive manner and sees it as stable, with all the parts working together. Under the functionalist view every social aspect of a society contributes to the society's survival, and if not, the aspect is not passed to the next generation. Founders There are two people who where mainly involved in the development of the functionalist perspective, they are Emile Durkheim, Talcott Parsons. Durkheim contributed to the functionalist perspective when she was studying religion, and how it was responsible for people feeling solidarity and unity in groups. Parsons was a sociologist from Harvard University who was greatly influenced by Durkheim. In return, he influenced Sociology by dominating the field, with his functionalist views, for four decades (Schaefer & Lamm, 1998). Characteristics When approaching a subject with the functionalist perspective, manifest and latent functions as well as dysfunctions are looked at and studied. A manifest function of an institution is one that is stated and expected. A latent function is one that is unexpected or can show a hidden purpose of an institution, and a dysfunction is a component of a society that can cause instability (Rothman, 1998). These functions and dysfunctions are use in analyzing a society.

Conservative vs. Liberal

Conservative vs. Liberal Dimitri Khago PSY/201 Sunday, August 05, 2012 Mariah Degruy Conservatives vs. Liberals Not just as Americans but as human beings we all want the same basic things in our daily lives. We all seek freedom and yearn for prosperity. We all seek for what is fair in life and not just our lives separately, but the lives of our nation’s people. We want less people to suffer as much as possible, especially our children. We all seek the best for our health being. We all want a crime free nation and crime free streets in our communities.We all want a freedom to speak and voice our opinions; yet the one major key argument is how do we achieve all of these? With all that has been going on in our nation’s economy, we begin to analyze one of the very most important, yet controversial political issue that we are facing: Liberal or Conservative? Although we are united as a whole nation, but when concerning our nation’s political policies we are very much divided. Each of us has our own beliefs and our own opinion, but the beauty of this is that this is what makes this country.This belief was instilled in our bloods from the day this great nation was formed, by our political forefathers up until now. We sometimes call these beliefs Left or Right based on the political spectrum. The political spectrum We have learned to become conservative toward the nation, our nation’s people and our nation’s policies, as well as we have learned to become liberal toward the nation, our people and our nation’s policies. Which is right you might ask, that all depends on every individuals different view and opinion to do what is right and best for them?Conservatives and Liberals differ on what they believe is correct for the government. They seek different essential needs, different government program support, different social views, and very different economic views. As humans we all seek the same basic needs to live. These needs are Life, Liberty, and Pursuit of happiness a well-known phrase from the United States Declaration of Independence. We all have the right to lead our own life in which we so choose. We all have the right to have our belief and make our own decisions and stand to our own judgments.The most important matter is that we have the right to do whatever it takes to make ourselves feel happy without harming anyone one stepping over the boundaries of others. In order to protect our individual human rights the bill of rights were established. These laws which allow the people the ability to live by these deserved rights as a human being are what distinguish us from a free person and one who is not free. If one is convicted of a felony these particular laws spoken of are no longer valid to them – the right to vote, the right to serve on a jury, and the right to bear arms are all void.Although some states are adjusting these laws to their own liking, you as a criminal are no longer privil eged to take part in these opportunities because of the crime committed, they are therefore taken away from you â€Å"†¦Other states may permanently ban felons from voting even after being released from prison, parole, and probation, and having paid all their fines. †(State Felon Voting Laws). There are many programs in which our government runs, and many of these programs are the split between the conservative or the liberal side.Liberals seem to view their government better as a larger government and support those programs which make this a reality. These include many programs, but one in particular is welfare. In the eyes of a liberal, this program is looked very highly upon. It helps those in need the ability to stand on their feet and not be out on the street. Although ideally this is a great help, but nowadays in our country, many people seem to take advantage of this opportunity and cheating the rest of society who need this help.With the educational program, a li beral supports not only public schools and a higher teacher salary, but also smaller classroom for the students. They support the idea that the classrooms should not be thirty-plus children, but also smaller more controlled environment† Vouchers take money away from public schools. † (Conservative vs. Liberal Beliefs. ). Now if you were to ask a conservative about education, they believe in the art of competition â€Å"School vouchers create competition and therefore encourage schools to improve performance. (Conservative vs. Liberal Beliefs. ). Schools should be all private so that they compete with lower costs and the parents have the opportunity to decide where they want their child to attend, and what kind of education they want for their child. Another program a conservative strongly believes in is canceling all the failed social support programs. Why should a country hold on to a program that is not helping anyone that is in need of the assistance, but financially supporting those well off, and are working and supporting their own families.Although being in the twenty-first century has expanded our view upon socialistic views, conservatives feel that we should not change our ruling on marriage and that it must stay traditional between a man and a woman. Since America was founded on grounds of religious freedom, and the Bible was and is our most highly looked upon views, conservatives feel that we shall stick to these traditional views and not support the idea of abortion or embryonic stem cell research.One must not abort a child, since that is the same as murder â€Å"Abortion is the murder of a human being. † (Conservative vs. Liberal Beliefs. ). One must also not participate in stem cell research since that too is destroying a life. This is where the argument comes in on the Liberal side. Liberals believe it is not up to us to decide if marriage shall stay between a man and a woman, what is so wrong with a man and man marrying or a woman and woman?Since this country was found on the principles of freedom and the rights to make our own decisions, the personal lives of Americans shall not be dictated by the government because of what they think is right. It has not yet been proven that a fetus inside a woman is a child or a fetus. The argument remains that a child is only a child when it takes its first breath, or that a child is a child when it is conceived. Shouldn’t the mother decide if she wants to give birth to this fetus?She will be bearing all the pain, so it should be her right to decide â€Å"A woman has the right to decide what happens with her body. A fetus is not a human life, so it does not have separate individual rights. † (Conservative vs. Liberal Beliefs. ). Now if you can save a life wouldn’t you? If you aren’t hurting anyone or anything with embryonic stem cell research, then scientist should be able to harvest these stem cells to help a life â€Å"†¦Stem cell s derived from embryos in the very earliest stages of development; these cells have long been thought by scientists to have an xtraordinary potential for alleviating the suffering caused by conditions ranging from diabetes to Alzheimer's disease to spinal cord injury. † (Gold). Money is what runs the country, one thing these two political stances have in common are the want and need for more jobs. A conservative wants the federal government not to tax the rich as high and should spend so much less. These big businesses should get the tax breaks they want and deserve to increase and generate their revenue, so that they can stimulate and keep the economy stable and grow to be much stronger.Liberal’s on the other hand believe in quite opposite of the conservative behalf they believe that the rich should be taxed more than the poor since they can afford to pay a little extra money in order to have a greater government â€Å"The less government we have, the more liberty we have. † (Amy). They also approach with saying that these big businesses should be taxed more and pay a larger amount of income tax from their profits to help support and provide for Medi-Cal, Medic-Aid, and Welfare.In conclusion regardless on which of side of the political spectrum you stand with; either you are a conservative or a liberal, at the end you center all your opinions to your own political beliefs based on your own personal ethics. With all that has been going on in our nation’s economy, we begin to analyze one of the very most important, yet controversial political issue that we are facing: Liberal or Conservative? You must decide on your own what you feel the essential needs are, government program support, social support, or the economic support you feel your country shall provide you with.References Conservative vs. Liberal Beliefs. (2005). Retrieved from http://www. studentnewsdaily. com/conservative-vs-liberal-beliefs/ State Felon Voting Laws. (2012). Retrieved from http://felonvoting. procon. org/view. resource. php? resourceID=286 Amy, D. J. (2007). A Guide to Rebutting Right-Wing Criticisms of Government. Retrieved from http://www. governmentisgood. com/feature. php? fid=14 Gold, R. B. (2004). Embryonic Stem Cell Researchaâ‚ ¬Ã¢â‚¬ Old Controversy; New Debate. Retrieved from http://www. guttmacher. org/pubs/tgr/07/4/gr070404. html

Tragic Heroes in Greek Myth - 2055 Words

Tragic Greek dramas featured tragic heroes, mortals who suffered incredible †¨losses as a result of an inescapable fate or bad decisions. According to Aristotle, a tragic hero is a character, usually of high birth, which is pre-eminently great, meaning they are not perfect, and whose downfall is brought about†¨ by a tragic weakness or error in judgment. The three Greek heroes Oedipus, Medea and Agamemnon, who each killed a member of their family, carry most of the qualities that make up a tragic hero: being of noble birth, being surrounded by an extraordinary circumstance, and gaining self-awareness or some kind of knowledge through their downfall. There is an important need for the audience to identify with the Aristotelian hero through†¦show more content†¦Euripides also carefully reveals the elements of Medeas past that demonstrate her readiness to violate solidarity of family ties in order to pursue her intractable will; Jason and Medeas original tryst, for exa mple, required that she kill her own brother, thus choosing marriage ties over blood ties. Secondly, Medeas selfishness provides power to her fatal flaw. Medeas selfishness and lack of humanity is displayed through the act of killing her own two sons. Medea understands that the slaying of her children will make Jason miserable. During this time, the chorus recognizes her self-worship and states, â€Å"But can you have the heart to kill your flesh and blood† (Euripides, The Medea, 816)? Medea does not stop to think what pain she may cause to herself by murdering them. She is only concerned about her happiness that will be derived from Jasons grieving. Medea comes to the conclusion that it is worth the suffering just to see her ex-husband unhappy. Medea states, â€Å"Yes, for this is the best way to wound my husband† (Euripides, The Medea, 817). This exhibits Medeas selfishness by the slaying of her sons just to cause sorrow to Jason for her own pleasure. Medeas rage als o leads to her fatal flaw of excessive passion. Her excessive passion, fed by rage, leads Medea to do uncalled-for acts of violence and murder. In the opening stages of the Agamemnon the chorus describes Agamemnon as a great and courageous warrior, one whoShow MoreRelatedGreek Mythology : Greek And Roman Mythology885 Words   |  4 PagesMyths symbolize human experience and embody the spiritual values of a culture. (Rosenberg) With Greek and Roman Mythology we learn or are introduced to the idea of how the universe is formed, we learn about love and of course we learn about tragedy. Greek and Roman mythology has a strong influence on our culture today. The Greek culture affects our everyday way of life. They created democracy, the alphabet, libraries, the Olympics, math, science, architecture, and even lighthouses. (Unknown) GreekRead MoreThe Heros Journey1704 Words   |  7 PagesContrasting Heroes Joseph Campbell was an American psychologist and mythological researcher. In his lifelong research, Campbell discovered many common patterns running through hero myths and stories from around the world. Years of research lead Campbell to discover several basic stages that almost every hero-quest goes through (no matter what culture the myth is a part of). He calls this common structure â€Å"the monomyth† (Hero’s Journey). The â€Å"hero’s journey† appears in drama, storytelling, myth, religiousRead MoreAristotle s The Tragic Hero1561 Words   |  7 Pagesclaims four requirements for the tragic hero. The hero must be good. The hero must have appropriate quality of his or her gender and class. The hero must be true to life. Lastly, the hero must be consistent. These four characteristics are present in many tragic heroes. However, there are so many different authors with different interpretations of the tragic hero, that to define the tragic hero wit h merely four traits is not plausible. Aristotle defines the tragic hero in a way too simple manner.Read MoreSophocles Oedipus Rex: The Epic and Tragic Hero in Myth and Culture2021 Words   |  8 PagesOutline- Background to story and structure Thesis the hero as both epic and tragic Oedipus Rex Theme and Plot The Epic and Tragic Hero in Myth and Culture How myth is ingrained, purpose Oedipus as a tragic Hero Formation of myth and commonalities with the everyman Aristotelian definition of hero Conclusions How Aristotles definition fits Oedipus Background- Within the rubric of the human experience we can find a number of commonalities that relate to psychology, culture, and the mannerRead MoreThe Libation Bearers and Hamlet1308 Words   |  6 PagesThe Libation Bearers and Hamlet Many of Shakespeare’s plays draw from classical Greek themes, plot and metaphors. The tragedies of Sophocles, Aeschylus, Euripides and Homer have themes like royal murders, assassinations by near relatives, the supernatural, ghostly visits, and vengeful spirits of the dead- themes which reappear in Shakespeare’s tragedies with a difference. Shakespeare’s tragic hero Hamlet and Aeschylus’s Orestes have a great deal in common. Both the plays are set in a time when theRead MoreThe Libation Bearers and Hamlet1302 Words   |  6 PagesThe Libation Bearers and Hamlet Many of Shakespeare’s plays draw from classical Greek themes, plot and metaphors. The tragedies of Sophocles, Aeschylus, Euripides and Homer have themes like royal murders, assassinations by near relatives, the supernatural, ghostly visits, and vengeful spirits of the dead- themes which reappear in Shakespeare’s tragedies with a difference. Shakespeare’s tragic hero Hamlet and Aeschylus’s Orestes have a great deal in common. Both the plays are set in a time whenRead MoreOdysseus as a Tragic Hero2449 Words   |  10 PagesNearly every story in Greek mythology revolves around a character with a certain outstanding attribute, be it strength, intellect, or even musical talent. Heroes such as this might spend their lives questing for kleos, or the myth might simply be a tale in which the hero was trying to accomplish a certain task, such as returning home or rescuing a lover from Hades. In every case, these heroic tales would always end with tragedy; the hero would be killed by a jealous lover, go mad, or have a lovedRead More Oedipus the King: A Tragic Hero Essay2117 Words   |  9 Pagesher, to experience devastating losses. While tragic instances can be avoided, there are other instances where one’s fate and future is out of the protagonist’s control. In Oedipus the King, written by Sophoc les and first performed around 249 BC, Oedipus cannot escape his destiny and even though he tries to overcome and circumvent prophecy, he finds out that supernatural forces will get what they want in the end. Oedipus meets the criteria of a tragic hero set forth by Aristotle and his fate withinRead MoreOedipus the King: The Tragic Flaws of Oedipus Essay852 Words   |  4 PagesOedipus was so determined to save Thebes from the plague bestowed on them by Apollo. But little did he know that he was the source of it all. His constant reversal of fortune, neutrality, and suffering make him the perfect example of a classic Greek tragic hero. One moment, Oedipus is brimming with hope; the next, he’s sure that he is the killer of his father, King Laius. Every time Oedipus thinks that it can’t possibly be him, evidence proves otherwise. His wife, Jocasta, attempts to prove hisRead MoreCreon, the Tragic Hero Essay1663 Words   |  7 PagesAntigone, an argument of who is the tragic hero between Antigone and Creon exists. I firmly believe Creon is the tragic hero of the play. Creon becomes the typical fallen hero in Greek drama. He faces many conflicts, internally and externally, and undergoes quite a bit of painful emotions. One might say Antigone should receive the title of being the tragic hero, but Creon plays a more significant role by learning his lesson the hard way and ending up as the classic tragic hero who loses everything at the

Analysis Of Barry s Seeing Systems - Unlocking The...

More often than not, individuals in an organization display extremely predictable patterns of behavior that they need to break out of in order to achieve success. However, altering behaviors can be extremely challenging. Barry Oshry’s â€Å"Seeing Systems – Unlocking the Mysteries of Organizational Life† (Oshry, 1995) shows how organizations are composed of ‘Tops†, ‘Middles’ and â€Å"Bottoms† and how each of these different hierarchical levels are accustomed to predictable and unhelpful behaviors leading to many issues that organizations face. The PSO organizational simulation conducted in the â€Å"Power and Politics in an Organization† course was extremely helpful in experiencing the system workings of an organization, especially, the predictable and unconstructive behaviors that are exhibited by the â€Å"Tops†, â€Å"Middles† and â€Å"Bottoms†. The conditions and the situations in the simulation r eflected real organizational experiences and integrated a variety of organizational dynamics, particularly power (and powerlessness) and structure. The PSO organization’s primary objective was to make greeting cards for its clients. There were several roles within three different hierarchical levels (top, middle and bottom) that created the structure of the organization. The tops were a small group consisting of 2 executives, the middles comprised of 5 managers (Production manager, HR manager, Finance Manager, General Manager and Food dept. Manager) and the bottoms consisted of around 18 workers. ThereShow MoreRelatedStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 PagesOrganizational Behavior This page intentionally left blank Organizational Behavior EDITION 15 Stephen P. Robbins —San Diego State University Timothy A. Judge —University of Notre Dame i3iEi35Bj! Boston Columbus Indianapolis New York San Francisco Upper Saddle River Amsterdam Cape Town Dubai London Madrid Milan Munich Paris Montreal Toronto Delhi Mexico City Sao Paulo Sydney Hong Kong Seoul Singapore Taipei Tokyo Editorial Director: Sally Yagan Director of Editorial Services:Read MoreManagement Course: Mba−10 General Management215330 Words   |  862 Pagesrights reserved. Printed in the United States of America. Except as permitted under the United States Copyright Act of 1976, no part of this publication may be reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, or stored in a database or retrieval system, without prior written permission of the publisher. This McGraw−Hill Primis text may include materials submitted to McGraw−Hill for publication by the instructor of this course. The instructor is solely responsible for the editorial content of suchRead MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 Pagescourses in Principles of Management, Human Resources, Strategy, and Organizational Behavior that helps you actively study and prepare material for class. Chapter-by-chapter activities, including built-in pretests and posttests, focus on what you need to le arn and to review in order to succeed. Visit www.mymanagementlab.com to learn more. DEVELOPING MANAGEMENT SKILLS EIGHTH EDITION David A. Whetten BRIGHAM YOUNG UNIVERSITY Kim S. Cameron UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN Prentice Hall Boston Columbus

Richard Nixon s Political Career And General American...

In the state of California, specifically southern California resides the birthplace of a significant man to the United States of America. The city of Yorba Linda contains the birthplace of the thirty-seventh president, the first president born in California. Richard Millhouse Nixon was born January 9, 1913 he who would eventually contribute to politics throughout his career. Nixon to most people takes recognition for his negative contributions specifically as a participant of the Watergate scandal. These involvements tend to overlook his entire political career that exists today at the Richard Nixon Library. However, with all the negativity surrounded around Nixon, events exist to further support his contributions to this country. Furthermore, Richard Nixon s library further expands on Nixon s political career and general American government. The emergence of Richard Nixon s political career settles amongst the Richard Nixon library. According to the Nixon foundation, Nixon s uprisin g in politics occurred as he was urged by republican leaders in Whittier to run for a seat in the U.S. House of Representatives. Nixon does eventually win and receive a spot into the House of Representatives in 1946 by defeating a democratic incumbent. Nixon shortly after in 1950 defeats another incumbent to take over as a senator. It is not until shortly after acquiring his seat as a senator Nixon finally receives proper recognition as a political figure in America.Show MoreRelatedRichard Nixon : The Second Of Five Children1561 Words   |  7 Pages Richard Milhous Nixon was born on January 9, 1913 in Yorba Linda California on his father’s lemon farm. Richard Nixon was the second of five children born to Frank Nixon and Hannah Milhous. Unfortunately, two of his brothers died. In 1925, Richard Nixon’s younger brother died and in 1933, his older brother, whom he greatly admired, died of tuberculosis. His ancestors emigrated from Ireland in the 18th century, and settled in Pennsylvania and Indiana. In 1922, Richard Nixon and his family moved toRead MoreRichard Milhous Nixon, 37Th President Of The United States,1505 Words   |  7 Pages  Ã‚  Richard Milhous Nixon, 37th president of the United States, was born January 9, 1913 in Yorba Linda, California. Nixon was one of the most controversial politicians. He used the communist scare of the late forties and early fifties to catapult his career, but as president he eased tension with the Soviet Union and opened relations with Red China. He was president during the civil rights movement and the Vietnam War. Nixon gained valuable experience in international affairs as a new member ofRead MoreRonald Legacy Of Ronald Reagan2084 Words   |  9 Pages Ronald Wilson Reagan was born in Tampico, Illinois on February 6th, 1911. He was born to John Edward Reagan and Nelle Wilson Reagan. John Reagan was a second generation Italian-American shoe salesmen and his mother Nelle was a huge believer in the bible and the Protestant faith. Mrs. Reagan was also the first individual that introduced Ronald into acting when Mrs. Reagan was teaching dramatic acting lessons in the town. According to Mr. Reagan this shaped him into the person that he wasRead MoreDog Whistle Politics Of The 1960s2333 Words   |  10 Pagesnew. Gone were the overt references to white supremacy, segregation, or even race. Instead, he positioned himself as a defender of the constitution against tyrannical government overreach: â€Å"I stand here today, as Governor of this sovereign State, and refuse to willingly submit to illegal usurpation of power by the Central Government.† [1] Wallace went on, giving voice to the politics of the South in language that was palpable, even agreeable, to the North. The dramatic â€Å"Stand in the Door† was allRead MoreThe Speech Preparation of J.F.K. Essay1278 Words   |  6 Pagesof idealism in the American public. He reassured the citizens of their nations strengths, and by declaring one of historys most famous questions, inspired them to better serve their country. The charismatic, young president dazzled the world not only with his physical poise and eloquence, but also with his simple, yet intense, use of rhetoric and voice. Identified by a fervent delivery, Kennedys distinct style and appeal as a leader progressed throughout his short career as a public speakerRead MoreRonald Reagan Bibliography Essay3427 Words   |  14 PagesJack and Nelle. Jack Reagan was an unsuccessful salesman who was also known as an alcoholic. His mother, Nelle Wilson Reagon was a devout farmwoman who raised Ronald and his older brother, Neil, in the Disciples of Christ Church despite their father s Catholicism. The family moved frequently, sometimes in response to new job opportunities, sometimes after Jack had been fired because of his drinking. In 1920 they settled in Dixon, Illinois, where Jack became the proprietor and part owner of a shoeRead More The United States Government Essay example4100 Words   |  17 PagesU.S. Government (History) The United States Government A collection of short reports all dealing with the United States Government. William Jefferson Clinton William Jefferson Clinton was born on August 19, 1946, in Hope, Arkansas. His father, William J. Blythe III was killed in an automobile collision just two months before William’s birth. At age four, William Jefferson Blythe IV was legally adopted by his mothers second husband, Roger Clinton, making him William Jefferson Clinton. Read MoreThe Culture of the Cold War Essay3260 Words   |  14 Pagesholding in these present state of affairs would stop at nothing to keep halt a new sort of reign. These people, according to Whitfield, were politicians of all kinds, businessmen, clergy, almost everyone. By communism infringing on sacred trysts of American ideals it became more hated then almost any crime during this time. There was a real reason that communism was so loathed and it was that in a pretty literal sense the communism being practiced was â€Å"evil†. The countries using â€Å"communism† as theirRead MoreThe Great Communicator By Ronald Reagan1491 Words   |  6 Pagespossessed many remarkable characteristics. Today, many people recognize Reagan as a former president, but few know about the struggles he faced and his success before presidency; his political party transition, handling economic fluctuation, and his attitude throughout his terms in office made him an unforgettable political figure. Reagan was born in Tampico, Illinois and grew up in Dixon, Illinois. Dixon is a typical small town in the midwest. Unlike many other presidents, Reagan had a rough upbringingRead MoreTechnology And Cell Phones For Granted1769 Words   |  8 Pageswere new and few in numbers due to its value and only the telephone was the central means of communication. During the 1970’s, many or close to all businesses relied on postal service for financial papers such as stocks, checks, and bonds. Back then most department stores received 85% of their accounts receivable through the mail (Chesterton, 1970). At that time, Richard Nixon was President and the congress had passed motions that would give members of congress a 41% pay raise (3). Meanwhile they only

According Ethical Issues To The Organization-Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The According Ethical Issues To The Organization? Answer: Introduction According to (Abutalibov, 2016), an ethical issue can be defined as a situation that will require a person or an organization to make a choice between alternatives that must be evaluated as being right or wrong. Different scholars have diverse definitions of the same but however, the key point remains similar. This essay looks into an organization that has been in the media in the recent past for ethical issues. This essay identifies the organization and the ethical issues it has been mentioned with. It also looks at the risks the organization is facing or might face as a result of these ethical issues. The remedies for the risks caused by the ethical issues are also explored. Research shows that Nestle is one of these companies that have been mentioned in the media with ethical violations. This is a food and beverage Swiss multinational company. Ethical issues related to the organization Nestle is a multinational company from Switzerland that deals with the production of food and beverages. It has been in the media for quite some time for the violation of ethical issues. This company deals with food and drinks and among them is ice-cream, marketing cereals, dairy products, frozen food among other products. (Chell, 2017) .This Company has been associated with several ethical issues. Firstly, it has been associated with a poor baby formula and boycott. This company is said to have pushed their breeding formula to countries that are less developed while targeting the poor knowing very well that it wont be effective. They made it seem that their formula was an alternative to the mother's milk. However, this had several problems. For example, many of the mothers in poor countries like Africa couldnt access clean water and hence used this formula with water that is polluted therefore putting the children into a risk. Water wastage is another ethical issue associated with Nestle Company. Reports claim that Nestle leads in the production of bottled water. However, research shows that 30% of the 700m gallons of water drawn in a year from the ground in California by Nestle are wasted. (Dugan, 2016). This is a major ethical issue because of water, being necessary for all life and a scarce resource should be well used. 30% is quite a high quantity of water that goes to waste every year due to the reckless behavior of the company. The company ignored the fact that water is a universal human right and that everyone should be entitled to safe drinking water. Nestle company has also been associated with child labor in its supply chain. According to (Michalos, 2016), the International Labour Fund filed at one time a case against Nestle on behalf of three children from Mali. They were alleged to have trafficked the children to Cte d'Ivoire, forced them into slavery and that the children experienced frequent beatings in the cocoa plantation. It is said also machetes for harvesting cocoa pods caused many injuries to the people.These claims are many enough prove that Nestle has in so many ways violated children rights which are unethical. According to (Goodstein, 2015) consumers were warned by the food and drugs Administration and the centers for controlling and preventing diseases not to eat some prepackaged Nestle Toll cookie dough because of the risk of contamination with a food bacteria. It has been reported that in the United States it caused illness to fifty people from thirty states where a half of them needed to be hospitalized. In a certain case, it is said that a woman had a fatal infection before the consumed product was realized. It is also said that in China six infants died while 860 people were taken to hospital after consuming Nestle products said to have melamine contamination which is a substance added illegally to food products so as to improve their protein content. Nestle has also been associated with pollution in several ways. This is a major ethical issue that ought to be addressed as quickly as possible because it endangers human life (Crane, 2016) reports that over a year water pollution limits were violated 2152 times in 830 places by companies such as Nestle and Cadbury. It is claimed that the situation caused in China was much worse than any other place. When United States and Europe became more concerned about the environment with some choosing a more sustainable source of water Nestle relocated to Asia where it made several environmental violations. Nestle water manufacturing plant in Shanghai China also strayed operation before facilities for waste water treatment passed an environmental impact assessment. Nestle has also been involved in striking dubious deals to make a profit. It is said that this organization made a deal with Mugabes wife to buy a million liters of milk every year from a farm that was grabbed by owners by Grace Mugabe from its owners. According to (Fiolleau, 2017), the most valuable farms since 2002 owned by the white have been taken by Grace who has built empire for farming farms illegally acquired and t which led to ant his has led to an international boycott and EU and US sanctions. Grace has been known for her lavish lifestyle. Due to this deal, the countrys economy based on agriculture began to collapse with inflation increasing tremendously. This is too unethical. Nestle company has also been associated with poor price fixing. This has been evident with their Kit Kat and other chocolates. It has been reported that the competition bureau in Canada raided this company in an investigation of price fixing. (Hindley, 2017). With this allegation, Nestle Company was faced with a class of lawsuit action that has settled for $9 million with the company not accepting liability. This company has been severally associated with using dubious means to set prices. Nestle company, again has been reported to have been promoting food that is unhealthy and mislabelling. A report that was conducted by UK Association of Consumers show that seven out of fifteen cereals for breakfast that contain high levels of sugar, salt and sugar belong to Nestle (Sekaran, 2016). Nestle labels have not only been misleading but also downright false. It has been associated with the labeling of powdered milk with a different local brand as well as labeling those packets with the wrong production date. Nestle brought old milk that was powdered from another country and labeled it as a new product from the local market. This is both unethical and illegal. Just but to draw the line, Nestle has by being associated with many unethical issues that originate from several factors such as greed for huge profits, ignorance among other causes. Risks for the organization There are several risks that have been faced by Nestle Company for having ethical issues. It is obvious that violation of business ethics will never go unaccounted for. For instance, this company has faced a never ending line of legal issues. In almost every country, the federal and state government usually sets rules and procedures that should be followed by every business. Every business, therefore, has to abide by these set rules so as to operate smoothly. However, if for any reason a business does not abide by them, it faces large fines and penalties (Hough, 2016). This is what has happened to Nestle Company. As it had been discussed earlier, Nestle Company in several occasions has been fined for not adhering to the required ethics and following the already laid procedures and rules. Poor employee performance is also another risk that has faced Nestle Company has faced. It is said that in some cases employees get so much interested in getting ahead and making money to the point of forgetting and ignoring the set procedures and protocols. This actually has a very negative impact on the business because it will lead to very many careless errors and render the already finished job useless and one to be restarted again. This has actually affected Nestle Company. Due to little or no observance of the already laid protocols, employees are reckless and most of the times what they produce is rendered sub standard (Maknlk, 2016). This is why sometimes they brand their products wrongly so as to conceal the flaws in their work. Again, a minority of those employees who abide by the required ethics do not get support and hence dont feel motivated and this affects performance in the company. The company has also faced poor employee relations. This has much affected all the stakeholders in that company and this has resulted in poor management. When the manager shows the lack of business ethics he loses respect from the lower rank employees and it would be very difficult to have a business succeed without well-respected leaders (Savulescu, 2017). Lack of business ethics has also caused lack of trust amongst the employees themselves because they have been used to the fact that none of them bears the quality of integrity. This is because none has shown seriousness in the observance of moral values. The company has lost credibility. This is because the failure of observance of the required ethics has been known by the public. This is one of the dangers that a company could face because it loses key customer base. This is the worst thing with business because it will definitely affect the volume of the sales that a company used to make (Berlin, 2016). It can also render the company incredible and result to customers and consumers withdrawing from the consumption of commodities from a particular company. For the case of Nestle, it has been rendered incredible by much of consumers. Most of the people even fear its products because they have been reported to have adverse effects on the human body. It has also been reported that some people died while others were hospitalized after the consumption of their products. This has a long-term implication that one of these days that company can come into a closure following allegations or lack of enough sales to sustain it. Nestle company has also suffered the risk of incurring big losses. This is one of the greatest risks that a company may suffer and this is because e very investment is aimed at making profits (Noordsy, 2016). Over the recent past, this company has been associated with the manufacture of substandard goods and supplying them to the world market. The fact that consumers are dying after consumption of their products has made them be feared. Everyone began fearing giving money to buy something that could kill him or her. As a result, the companys sales volume decreased. This made them incur big losses. This was evidenced after they began setting prices by dubious means so as to put up for the lost revenue yet violating another ethic. A threat of business closure is another risk that Nestle Company has been facing for quite some time. In China, residents have been complaining about the pollution that this company has been causing. Again, the United States has also laid petition against the water drawn from California of which 30% is wasted (Kliobnt, 2017). In Zambia, residents usually complain about their lands that were grabbed under the Nestle treaty with Grace Mugabe. All the petitions put this company at the risk of closure by affecting the lives of citizens rather than working to better the lives and of the community as a whole. Complaints from these people can anytime see this company closed because it does not uphold high moral standards as required by the law. Lack of business goal satisfaction is another risk facing Nestle Company due to the failure of observance of ethics in business. It is quite clear that most of the activities that the company engages in are not in accordance with the set business guidelines. This leads to poor management leading to poor performance. If a business performance decreases then the productivity goes down (Rhodes, 2016). This affects the business adversely and makes it unlikely to reach its long-term set goals. If a company had the plans that it should have achieved this and that within a specified period of time, then it is unlikely to meet that if it has ethical issues. In the same manner, Nestle Company has faced many challenges in expansion and have not satisfactorily met the set goals. Another risk that Nestle has suffered over the recent past due to ethical issues is poor customer retention. This has mainly occurred due to loss of the company reputation. It is usually very important how a company is viewed by the public. Loss of public image results to customers withdrawing from consumption of that company's commodities. In the same way, Nestle has lost reputation over the recent past making customers refrain from acquiring their commodities. When this happens, it becomes dangerous for the company because this can lead to its Termination if the correct procedures are not taken quickly to correct that. It becomes very difficult to erase what has already been created in the peoples mind about a particular organization (Angelos, 2017). Therefore, as a result of this fact, Nestle in the recent past has not been able to retain customers as they used to do sometimes ago. Product banning is another major risk that has been faced over the recent past. When the quality and standard determining bodies note that a particular product does not meet the quality specification, that product is banned. As discussed earlier in this paper, some of the products from this company were noted to have some adverse effects to human life. It was seen that many people were hospitalized and a few died due to the consumption of Nestle products (Nixon, 2015). This has led to the total ban of some products. For instance, the breakfast cereals that were alleged to have very adverse effects to human life were completely banned. This is because they couldnt be allowed to continue harming or killing people while the standard determining bodies were watching. This is a very great risk because it also affects sales and at long run affects the profit making which is the main objective of any organization. How to resolve these risks In spite of the fact that Nestle Company has lost reputation to a great extent over the recent past, it can still employ some strategies and solution to resolve them. However it would not be too easy for them, they ought to ensure that the correct solutions are put in place very fast. There are a number of these solutions. To begin with, the company can set a new beginning and restate its goal and objective. This will help it abandon all virtues that it used to practice. A new beginning will enable the company started working a fresh so as to uproot all that had been planted by the virtues they practiced (Crane A. .). By this method, the company will take a new direction and with all efforts employed the reputation will be gained again. The company can also get a new management team. It is said that new brooms sweep clean. It would be therefore advisable to acquire a new management team under serious vetting so that the team the existed can leave and pave way for a new beginning. It would be very difficult to make an existing management adopt a new ruling because change is not easy (Congress, 2017). This is why it is advisable to ensure that there is an acquisition of a new team that will take the flag of the company to another level and help clean and restores the blurred image of the company. The company must also rebrand its products. This does not mean using dubious means to deceive the people. This means getting another brand for their products. This is because it would be somewhat difficult to re-convince the people that what used to be their low-quality products are now fit for human consumption (Hedgecoe, 2016). So as to regain the lost taste, they ought to ensure that the old brand is left and adoption of another brand is done as quickly as possible. Another solution would be adhering to the set guidelines and standards. The company should under all cost stop manufacturing substandard or harmful products and observe business ethics. Even if other corrective measures are taken and the company continues producing harmful products the measures would be in vain. Total abstinence from business vices should be taken and high moral standards adhered to (Martinez, 2016). The company should also ensure that it meets the correct standard set by quality regulation bodies beginning from the product quality to environmental management. This company can still use media to reorganize itself. Media is one of the bodies that can make an organization lose or get back its reputation. Since its ethical violation story was covered by the media, this company should also take a step and go to the media and give a report about a new beginning. The only body that makes a lot of impact to the people in the world is media. This is because it is very influential and it is what the people trust in (Beckman, 2016). Therefore, Nestle should go to the media and talk to the public, apologize for all the mistakes done and promise the people a beginning of new quality products. To make it more effective, it can still make a short documentary like an advert that can be displayed in TV stations and also shared over the social media. The company should also set an action plan. This will show all the procedures for ensuring that the Companys reputation is gotten back. This plan will involve all the plans and strategies aimed at the restoration of the company reputation (Brazil, 2017). It should include the action and the role played by different parties in the process. It should also be noted that this plan is not just to be created but rather be implemented too. Before implementing, the company should set targets and say that within a specified period of time the company should have acquired this and that. With this, the company will know whether or not it is making progress. This plan should be worked upon until what is desired is achieved and the best way to achieve this is through determination. Conclusion Conclusively, a company may have different ethical issues whether intentional or as a result of accidental mistakes. This includes and is not limited to sub standard product production as a result of poor management, lack of adequate personnel, resources or out of intention. It should be noted that these issues have very adverse effects to a company or any organization and if not solved can lead to a closure of the business due to order or low-profit margins or huge losses. Ethical issues also make an organization lose reputation and public image. This is what kills the organization. Even though this may happen, it should be appreciated that there are also corrective measures that if well employed can restore the companys image. However, it should be noted that prevention is better than cure and thus every organization should aim at upholding business ethics before things get worse for it. References Abutalibov, R. M. (2016). Ethical 10 issues in business administration and their effects on social and economic development.Sustainability and Management. An International Perspective, pp. 153-155. Angelos, P. H. (2017). Ethical issues in non-intervention trials for thyroid cancer. European Journal of Surgical Oncology, pp. 55-67. Beckman, M. W. (2016). Ethical Issues in the Surgical ICU. In The Surgical Critical Care Handbook: Guidelines for Care of the Surgical Patient in the ICU, pp. 243-247. Berlin, L. (2016). MedicolegalMalpractice and Ethical Issues in Radiology: Potential Risks When Dealing With Self-Referred Patients. American Journal of Roentgenology, pp. 53-57. Brazil, K. M. (2017). Ethical issues experienced by healthcare workers in nursing homes: the Literature review. Nursing ethics, pp. 58-66. Chell, E. S. (2017). Social entrepreneurship and business ethics: does social equal ethical?. Journal of Business Ethics, pp. 212-214. Congress, E. P. (2017). What social workers should know about ethics: Understanding and resolving practice dilemmas. Social Work Ethics, pp. 4,9,40. Crane, A. . (2016). Business ethics. Managing corporate citizenship and sustainability in the age of globalization, pp. 30-39. Crane, A. . (n.d.). Business ethics: Managing corporate citizenship and sustainability in the age of globalization, pp. 404-412. Dugan, M. T. (2016). Ethical Issues Related to Earnings Management: An Instructional Case. Journal of the International Academy for Case Studies, pp. 44-50. Fiolleau, K. . (2017). Recognizing ethical issues: An examination of practicing industry accountants and accounting students. Journal of Business Ethics, pp. 32-41. Goodstein, J. (2015). Employers and ex-offender reintegration: ethical issues and research opportunities. In Academy of Management Proceedings. Academy of Management, pp. 1174-2000. Hedgecoe, A. (2016). Reputational risk, academic freedom, and research ethics review. Ethic risk management, pp. 76-84. Hindley, A. . (2017). Ethical Issues of Consumer Behaviour. Routledge, pp. 45-50. Hough, M. B. (2016). Does Legitimacy Necessarily Tame Power? Some Ethical Issues in Translating Procedural Justice Principles into Justice Policy. , pp. 65-77. Kliobnt, D. L. (2017). Ethical Issues in the Care of People With Schizophrenia. Ethical risks, pp. 99-106. Maknlk, M. B. (2016). Does Legitimacy Necessarily Tame Power? Some Ethical Issues in Translating Procedural Justice Principles into Justice Policy. , pp. 54-56. Martinez, N. . (2016). Balancing theory and practicality: engaging non-ethicists in ethical decision making related to radiological protection. Journal of Radiological Protection, pp. 87-90. Michalos, A. C. (2016). Issues for business ethics in the nineties and beyond. In How Good Policies and Business Ethics Enhance Good Quality of Life, pp. 177-184. Nixon, I. J. (2015). Ethical issues in non-intervention trials for thyroid cancer. European Journal of Surgical Oncology, pp. 43-50. Noordsy, D. L. (2016). Ethical Issues in the Care of People With Schizophrenia. Ethical issue risks, pp. 67-70. Rhodes, R. (2016). Ethical issues in microbiome research and medicine. BMC medicine journal, pp. 67-80. Savulescu, J. M. (2017). Unexpected Complications Of Novel Deep Brain Stimulation Treatments:. Ethical Issues And Clinical Recommendations. , pp. 90-98. Sekaran, U. . (2016). Research methods for business. A skill building approach. , pp. 54-66

Whats the Best Image Format for Your Website JPEG vs PNG vs GIF

Images on the web come in many formats, such as JPEGs, GIFs, PNGs, and more. In fact, there are so many acronyms that keeping track of them can be complicated – never mind figuring out which is the best image format to use on your website. This guide will explore the advantages of JPEG vs PNG vs GIF.It is important to put some thought into this matter, however, since the formats you use for your sites images have an impact. Some types of graphics look better and dont occupy as much storage space, for example, which translates to better performance without a loss in quality.In this article, were going to talk about why your choice of image formats is vital. Then well break down your options, and help you pick the best image format for your website. Lets take a look! dozens of image formats to choose from. However, when it comes to the web, most people stick to a handful of standbys, including JPEGs, PNGs, and GIFs.Well talk about what makes each of these image types unique in a moment. For now, lets break down why the format(s) you use on your website matter in a more general sense.The types of images you use affect your sites:Performance. Some image formats take up more space than others, which can affect your sites loading times.Appearance. As you might imagine, some image formats include more detail and are higher-quality than others.Scalability. When you stretch or shrink an image too much, its quality will suffer. How much leeway you have depends on the image format you use. This affects your sites ability to look good on both large and small screens.In most cases, youll want to stick to using one or two image formats throughout your website, to maintain a consistent standard. The formats you choose should ideally provide a nice balance between quality and performance.The 3 primary image formats used on the web: JPEG vs PNG vs GIFAs we mentioned earlier, there are some image formats that are used much more commonly online than others. The three optio ns were going to introduce below are some of the most popular and useful formats, which makes them perfect picks for almost any website.1. JPEGThe term JPEG stands for Joint Photographic Experts Group, and it was coined in 1986. The main benefits of this format are that it can display millions of colors, and its particularly well-suited to high compression levels.In general, JPEG is an excellent option for displaying complex photographs that include a lot of colors. Heres a quick example:Although JPEGs hold up well when compressed, you can usually notice a small drop in quality after optimizing images. Though, this all depends on the level of compression thats selected for the image. The quality drops arent often noticeable unless youre looking very closely.On the other hand, JPEGs are not perfect for images with very few color data, like interface screenshots and other simple computer-generated graphics. Well cover this more when talking PNGs in the next section:2. PNGPortable Netw ork Graphics (PNGs) are just as popular as JPEGs on websites. They also support millions of colors, although youre much better off using PNGs for images that contain less color data. Otherwise, your image is going to be heavier than the same image saved as a JPEG.Heres an example of a PNG image:This is a screenshot of the WordPress dashboard. PNGs do a great job when you have an image with rapid transitions between colors that need to remain sharp. For example, when youre taking a screenshot of a user interface where different interface elements strongly transition between dark and light backgrounds, its much better to use PNGs. Like this part here the transitions between the white, gray and blue:Saving the image as a JPEG could result in blurry edges and overall distorted presentation.One more advantage of PNGs is the fact that they support transparency. This makes them a fantastic option for logos and icons in particular. Heres a quick example of the ThemeIsle logo in PNG format, with a transparent background:Overall, compressed PNGs are also better when it comes to retaining quality due to the lossless compression algorithm used with PNGs vs the lossy algorithm thats popular with JPEGs.3. GIFUnlike the two formats weve talked about so far, Graphics Interchange Format (GIFs) have far more specific use cases. Although you can have a static GIF image, most people use this format to showcase animations, such as this one:JPEGs and PNGs dont generally support animations (although there is a format called Animated Portable Network Graphics APNGs). That makes GIFs very useful. As you can imagine, however, these types of images weigh a lot, due to the many frames they contain.You can optimize GIF files, but in most cases, the results wont be as good as with other image formats. That means you should aim to use GIFs sparingly throughout your website, only when you need to showcase an animation you cant create any other way (such as with CSS).On top of that, GIFs o nly support up to 256 colors, as well as transparency. That makes them a poor choice for displaying complex images. To make that point even clearer, heres the same graphic we showed you in the previous two sections, only now as a non-animated GIF:Not only does it look terrible, but it weighs a hefty 825 KB. This is why using GIFs for static images is generally not advisable.How to choose the best image format to use on your websiteOn most sites, either JPEGs or PNGs make an excellent choice for the bulk of your images (although its best to stick with one over the other for consistencys sake). As for GIFs, youll want to reserve those for situations when you need to display animations.More specifically, JPEGs can enable you to squeeze a bit more performance out of your web pages, due to their high compression ratio, but only if youre using them for color-heavy images like all photographs, basically. If you want your site to load as fast as possible, and you dont mind sacrificing a bi t of image quality, JPEG is the best image format for your needs.However, if you care more about ensuring that all your images look as good as they can, wed recommend that you go with PNGs instead. This image format retains its high quality even when compressed, and works for both complex and simple images.Conclusion on JPEG vs PNG vs GIFYou have a lot of options when it comes to what types of images you can use on your website. Ideally, youll pick whichever formats enable you to display high-quality images without slowing down your site significantly. If youre a WordPress user, youll be glad to know that WordPress  supports all the most popular image formats out of the box.When deciding which is the best image format for your needs, here are the key things to remember about JPEG vs PNG vs GIF:JPEG: This is an ideal image format for all types of photographs.PNG: This format is perfect for screenshots and other types of imagery where theres not a lot of color data.GIF: If you want to show off animated graphics on your site, this is the best image format for you.Do you still have any questions about the best image format for your own website? Lets talk about them in the comments section below! Here's how to choose the optimal image format for your #website